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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 1, Issue 12 1147-1156, Copyright © 1989 by American Society of Plant Biologists
ASF-2: A Factor That Binds to the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S Promoter and a Conserved GATA Motif in Cab Promoters
E. Lam and N. H. Chua
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021-6399
We have used nuclear extracts prepared from tobacco leaf tissue to
characterize a factor binding site, designated as-2 (activating
sequence-2), at the -100 region of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S
promoter. The activity of this factor, called ASF-2 (activating sequence
factor-2), is not detected in tobacco root extracts. as-2 includes two GT
motifs with sequence homology to the SV40 enhancer core A element and the
Box II element of pea rbcS. Nevertheless, oligomers of these sequence
elements do not compete for ASF-2 binding in gel retardation assays,
indicating that the GT motifs may not be involved. Methylation interference
studies identify two guanines (G93 and G98) that are required for
interaction with ASF-2. Sequences surrounding these two critical guanines
display homologies to a GATA repeat conserved among several
light-responsive promoters. One such sequence from a petunia Cab promoter
is able to compete with as-2 for factor binding. In transgenic plants, a
tetramer of as-2 is able to confer leaf expression when fused 5[prime] to
the -90 derivative of the 35S promoter. The expression is not dependent on
light and, thus, the as-2 tetramer does not function as a light-responsive
element in this context. Histochemical localization of the reporter gene
product suggests that the as-2 tetramer directs expression in trichomes,
vascular elements, and epidermal and mesophyll cells.
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