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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 1, Issue 6 645-654, Copyright © 1989 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Post-Transcriptional Control of Plastid mRNA Accumulation during Adaptation of Chloroplasts to Different Light Quality Environments
X. W. Deng, J. C. Tonkyn, G. F. Peter, J. P. Thornber and W. Gruissem
Department of Botany, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
The adaptation of germinating spinach seedlings to yellow and red light was
studied and compared with plants grown in white light. Spinach chloroplasts
isolated from cotyledons and leaves of yellow and white light-grown plants
showed similar membrane structures and compositions, while chloroplasts
from plants grown in red light have significant adaptive changes. Based on
an equal amount of chlorophyll, these changes include a reduction in the
number of photosystem I complexes, an increase of photosystem II antenna
size, and an increased ratio of stacked to unstacked membranes in red
light-adapted chloroplasts. The decrease in the number of photosystem I
complexes per unit of chlorophyll in these chloroplasts was qualitatively
correlated with an approximately 10-fold decrease in the level of the psaA
mRNA encoding the photosystem I 65-kilodalton to 70-kilodalton chlorophyll
apoprotein, as well as with a differential decrease in mRNA levels of other
photosynthetic proteins. Light quality adaptations do not significantly
affect the plastid to nuclear DNA ratio or the overall chloroplast
transcription activity. The relative transcriptional activities of 10
plastid genes, as determined by run-on transcription assays, are similar in
chloroplasts from cotyledons and leaves of plants grown under the three
light qualities. Only the psaA gene shows a 30% to 40% decrease in
transcription activity in chloroplasts of plants adapted to red light. This
decrease in psaA transcription activity, however, cannot fully account for
the decrease of its mRNA level. We conclude, therefore, that
post-transcriptional mechanisms are primarily responsible for the control
of differential chloroplast mRNA accumulation in light quality adaptations.
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