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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 1, Issue 7 707-714, Copyright © 1989 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Functional Architecture of the Light-Responsive Chalcone Synthase Promoter from Parsley
P. Schulze-Lefert, M. Becker-Andre, W. Schulz, K. Hahlbrock and J. L. Dangl
Department of Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institut fur Zuchtungsforschung, Carl von Linne Weg, D-5000 Koln 30, Federal Republic of Germany
We have combined in vivo genomic footprinting and light-induced transient
expression of chalcone synthase promoter derivatives in parsley protoplasts
to identify cis sequences regulating light activation. The parsley chalcone
synthase promoter contains two cis "units" that are light-responsive. Each
unit is composed of short DNA stretches of approximately 50 base pairs, and
each contains two in vivo footprints. One of the footprints in each unit
covers a sequence that is highly conserved among other light- and
stress-regulated plant genes. The other footprinted sequences in each unit
are not related to each other. The TATA distal light-responsive unit is
inherently weak but can compensate partially for the loss of the stronger
TATA proximal unit. Levels of light-induced expression from either can be
influenced by the presence of a region of approximately 100 base pairs
located upstream of the TATA distal light-responsive unit. Combination of
the light-responsive units and upstream region generates a synergistic
response to light. We speculate that functional compensation generated by
nonidentical, but sequence-related, cis units foreshadows combinatorial
diversity of cognate trans factors.
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