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Plant Cell, Vol. 10, 245-254, Copyright © 1998, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Heterotrimeric G Proteins Are Implicated in Gibberellin Induction of a-Amylase Gene Expression in Wild Oat Aleurone

Huw D. Jonesa, Sally J. Smitha, Radhika Desikana, Stella Plakidou-Dymocka, Alison Lovegrovea, and Richard Hooleya
a Institute of Arable Crops Research (IACR)–Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, Long Ashton, Bristol BS18 9AF, United Kingdom

Correspondence to: Richard Hooley, richard.hooley{at}bbsrc.ac.uk (E-mail), 44-1275-394281 (fax).

The role of heterotrimeric G proteins in gibberellin (GA) induction of a-amylase gene expression was examined in wild oat aleurone protoplasts. Mas7, a cationic amphiphilic tetradecapeptide that stimulates GDP/GTP exchange by heterotrimeric G proteins, specifically induced {alpha}-amylase gene expression and enzyme secretion in a very similar manner to GA1. In addition, Mas7 stimulated expression of an {alpha}-Amy2/54:GUS promoter and reporter construct in transformed protoplasts. Both Mas7 and GA1 induction of {alpha}-amylase mRNA were insensitive to pertussis toxin. Hydrolysis-resistant nucleotides were introduced into aleurone protoplasts during transfection with reporter gene constructs. GDP-ß-S, which inhibits GDP/GTP exchange by heterotrimeric G proteins, completely prevented GA1 induction of {alpha}-Amy2/54:GUS expression, whereas GTP-{gamma}-S, which activates heterotrimeric G proteins, stimulated expression very slightly. Novel cDNA sequences from G{alpha} and Gß subunits were cloned from wild oat aleurone cells. By using RNA gel blot analysis, we found that the transcripts were expressed at a low level. Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in several events during plant growth and development, and these data suggest that they may be involved in GA regulation of {alpha}-amylase gene expression in aleurone.


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