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Plant Cell, Vol. 10, 1413-1426, September 1998, Copyright © 1998, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to Phytophthora infestans Is Mediated by the Recognition of the Elicitor Protein INF1

Sophien Kamouna, Pieter van Westa, Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwersb, Koen E. de Groota, and Francine Goversa
a Laboratory of Phytopathology and Graduate School, Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
b Center for Plant Breeding and Reproduction Research—Agricultural Research Department (CPRO-DLO), Wageningen, The Netherlands

Correspondence to: Sophien Kamoun, kamoun.1{at}osu.edu (E-mail), 330-263-3841 (fax).

Phytophthora infestans, the agent of potato and tomato late blight disease, produces a 10-kD extracellular protein, INF1 elicitin. INF1 induces a hypersensitive response in a restricted number of plants, particularly those of the genus Nicotiana. In virulence assays with different P. infestans isolates, five Nicotiana species displayed resistance responses. In all of the interactions, after inoculation with P. infestans zoospores, penetration of an epidermal cell was observed, followed by localized necrosis typical of a hypersensitive response. To determine whether INF1 functions as an avirulence factor in these interactions, we adopted a gene-silencing strategy to inhibit INF1 production. Several transformants deficient in inf1 mRNA and INF1 protein were obtained. These strains remained pathogenic on host plants. However, in contrast to the wild-type and control transformant strains, INF1-deficient strains induced disease lesions when inoculated on N. benthamiana. These results demonstrate that the elicitin INF1 functions as an avirulence factor in the interaction between N. benthamiana and P. infestans.




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