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Plant Cell, Vol. 11, 2349-2364, December 1999, Copyright © 1999, American Society of Plant Physiologists
Latrunculin B Has Different Effects on Pollen Germination and Tube Growth
Bryan C. Gibbona,
David R. Kovara, and
Christopher J. Staigera
a Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
Correspondence to:
Christopher J. Staiger, at 1392 Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1392., cstaiger{at}bilbo.bio.purdue.edu (E-mail), 765-496-1496 (fax)
The actin cytoskeleton is absolutely required for pollen germination and tube growth, but little is known about the regulation of actin polymer concentrations or dynamics in pollen. Here, we report that latrunculin B (LATB), a potent inhibitor of actin polymerization, had effects on pollen that were distinct from those of cytochalasin D. The equilibrium dissociation constant measured for LATB binding to maize pollen actin was determined to be 74 nM. This high affinity for pollen actin suggested that treatment of pollen with LATB would have marked effects on actin function. Indeed, LATB inhibited maize pollen germination half-maximally at 50 nM, yet it blocked pollen tube growth at one-tenth of that concentration. Low concentrations of LATB also caused partial disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in germinated maize pollen, as visualized by light microscopy and fluorescent-phalloidin staining. The amounts of filamentous actin (F-actin) in pollen were quantified by measuring phalloidin binding sites, a sensitive assay that had not been used previously for plant cells. The amount of F-actin in maize pollen increased slightly upon germination, whereas the total actin protein level did not change. LATB treatment caused a dose-dependent depolymerization of F-actin in populations of maize pollen grains and tubes. Moreover, the same concentrations of LATB caused similar depolymerization in pollen grains before germination and in pollen tubes. These data indicate that the increased sensitivity of pollen tube growth to LATB was not due to general destabilization of the actin cytoskeleton or to decreases in F-actin amounts after germination. We postulate that germination is less sensitive to LATB than tube extension because the presence of a small population of LATB-sensitive actin filaments is critical for maintenance of tip growth but not for germination of pollen, or because germination is less sensitive to partial depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton.
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F. Baluska, M. von Witsch, M. Peters, A. Hlavacka, and D. Volkmann
Mastoparan Alters Subcellular Distribution of Profilin and Remodels F-Actin Cytoskeleton in Cells of Maize Root Apices
Plant Cell Physiol.,
September 1, 2001;
42(9):
912 - 922.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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L. Vidali, S. T. McKenna, and P. K. Hepler
Actin Polymerization Is Essential for Pollen Tube Growth
Mol. Biol. Cell,
August 1, 2001;
12(8):
2534 - 2545.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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S. A. Johnson and S. McCormick
Pollen Germinates Precociously in the Anthers of raring-to-go, an Arabidopsis Gametophytic Mutant
Plant Physiology,
June 1, 2001;
126(2):
685 - 695.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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Y. Fu, G. Wu, and Z. Yang
ROP Gtpase-Dependent Dynamics of Tip-Localized F-Actin Controls Tip Growth in Pollen Tubes
J. Cell Biol.,
March 5, 2001;
152(5):
1019 - 1032.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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G. Wu, H. Li, and Z. Yang
Arabidopsis RopGAPs Are a Novel Family of Rho GTPase-Activating Proteins that Require the Cdc42/Rac-Interactive Binding Motif for Rop-Specific GTPase Stimulation
Plant Physiology,
December 1, 2000;
124(4):
1625 - 1636.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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E. Chytilova, J. Macas, E. Sliwinska, S. M. Rafelski, G. M. Lambert, and D. W. Galbraith
Nuclear Dynamics in Arabidopsis thaliana
Mol. Biol. Cell,
August 1, 2000;
11(8):
2733 - 2741.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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D. R. Kovar, B. K. Drobak, and C. J. Staiger
Maize Profilin Isoforms Are Functionally Distinct
PLANT CELL,
April 1, 2000;
12(4):
583 - 598.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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