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Plant Cell, Vol. 11, 1537-1552, August 1999, Copyright © 1999, American Society of Plant Physiologists
Transgene-Mediated and Elicitor-Induced Perturbation of Metabolic Channeling at the Entry Point into the Phenylpropanoid Pathway
Susanne Rasmussena and
Richard A. Dixona
a Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401
Correspondence to:
Richard A. Dixon, radixon{at}noble.org (E-mail), 580-221-7380 (fax)
3HL-Phenylalanine is incorporated into a range of phenylpropanoid compounds when fed to tobacco cell cultures. A significant proportion of 3Htrans-cinnamic acid formed from 3HL-phenylalanine did not equilibrate with exogenous trans-cinnamic acid and therefore may be rapidly channeled through the cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) reaction to 4-coumaric acid. Such compartmentalization of trans-cinnamic acid was not observed after elicitation or in cell cultures constitutively expressing a bean phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) transgene. Channeling between PAL and C4H was confirmed in vitro in isolated microsomes from tobacco stems or cell suspension cultures. This channeling was strongly reduced in microsomes from stems or cell cultures of transgenic PAL-overexpressing plants or after elicitation of wild-type cell cultures. Protein gel blot analysis showed that tobacco PAL1 and bean PAL were localized in both soluble and microsomal fractions, whereas tobacco PAL2 was found only in the soluble fraction. We propose that metabolic channeling of trans-cinnamic acid requires the close association of specific forms of PAL with C4H on microsomal membranes.
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