Osmotic Stress Induces Rapid Activation of a Salicylic Acid–Induced Protein Kinase and a Homolog of Protein Kinase ASK1 in Tobacco Cells

Monika Mikoajczyk^a, Olubunmi S. Awotunde^a, Grayna Muszyska^a, Daniel F. Klessig^b, and Grayna Dobrowolska^a

^a Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawiskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland

Correspondence to: Grayna Dobrowolska, dobrowol{at}ibb.waw.pl (E-mail), 48-22-39-12-16-23 (fax)

In tobacco cells, osmotic stress induced the rapid activation of two protein kinases that phosphorylate myelin basic protein. Immunological studies demonstrated that the 48-kD kinase is the salicylic acid–induced protein kinase (SIPK), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. SIPK was activated 5 to 10 min after the cells were exposed to osmotic stresses, and its activity persisted for ~30 min. In contrast, the 42-kD kinase was activated within 1 min after osmotic stress, and its activity was maintained for ~2 hr. Moreover, in addition to myelin basic protein, the 42-kD kinase phosphorylated casein and two transcription factors, c-Jun and ATF-2. This latter enzyme was inactivated by a serine/threonine–specific phosphatase but, unlike SIPK, was not affected by a tyrosine-specific phosphatase. After the 42-kD kinase was purified to apparent homogeneity, tryptic peptide analysis indicated that it is a homolog of Arabidopsis serine/threonine kinase1 (ASK1).

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