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Plant Cell, Vol. 12, 949-961, June 2000, Copyright © 2000, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Developmental Regulation of Methyl Benzoate Biosynthesis and Emission in Snapdragon Flowers

Natalia Dudarevaa, Lisa M. Murfitta, Craig J. Mannb, Nina Gorensteina, Natalia Kolosovaa, Christine M. Kisha, Connie Bonhamb, and Karl Woodc
a Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
b Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
c Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907

Correspondence to: Natalia Dudareva, dudareva{at}hort.purdue.edu (E-mail), 765-494-0391 (fax)

In snapdragon flowers, the volatile ester methyl benzoate is the most abundant scent compound. It is synthesized by and emitted from only the upper and lower lobes of petals, where pollinators (bumblebees) come in contact with the flower. Emission of methyl benzoate occurs in a rhythmic manner, with maximum emission during the day, which correlates with pollinator activity. A novel S-adenosyl-L-methionine:benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (BAMT), the final enzyme in the biosynthesis of methyl benzoate, and its corresponding cDNA have been isolated and characterized. The complete amino acid sequence of the BAMT protein has only low levels of sequence similarity to other previously characterized proteins, including plant O-methyl transferases. During the life span of the flower, the levels of methyl benzoate emission, BAMT activity, BAMT gene expression, and the amounts of BAMT protein and benzoic acid are developmentally and differentially regulated. Linear regression analysis revealed that production of methyl benzoate is regulated by the amount of benzoic acid and the amount of BAMT protein, which in turn is regulated at the transcriptional level.




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