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Plant Cell, Vol. 12, 1257-1266, August 2000, Copyright © 2000, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Prenylation of the Floral Transcription Factor APETALA1 Modulates Its Function

Shaul Yalovskya, Manuel Rodríguez-Concepcióna, Keren Brachaa, Gabriela Toledo-Ortiza, and Wilhelm Gruissema
a Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102

Correspondence to: Wilhelm Gruissem, Current address: Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zentrum, LFW E57.1, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland., wilhelm.gruissem{at}ipw.biol.ethz.ch (E-mail), 41-1-632-10-79 (fax)

The Arabidopsis MADS box transcription factor APETALA1 (AP1) was identified as a substrate for farnesyltransferase and shown to be farnesylated efficiently both in vitro and in vivo. AP1 regulates the transition from inflorescence shoot to floral meristems and the development of sepals and petals. AP1 fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) retained transcription factor activity and directed the expected terminal flower phenotype when ectopically expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis. However, ap1mS, a farnesyl cysteine–acceptor mutant of AP1, as well as the GFP–ap1mS fusion protein failed to direct the development of compound terminal flowers but instead induced novel phenotypes when ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis. Similarly, compound terminal flowers did not develop in era1-2 transformants that ectopically expressed AP1. Together, the results demonstrate that AP1 is a target of farnesyltransferase and suggest that farnesylation alters the function and perhaps specificity of the transcription factor.




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