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Plant Cell, Vol. 12, 1379-1392, August 2000, Copyright © 2000, American Society of Plant Physiologists

The TITAN5 Gene of Arabidopsis Encodes a Protein Related to the ADP Ribosylation Factor Family of GTP Binding Proteins

John McElvera, David Pattona, Michael Rumbaughb, Chun-ming Liub,c, Li Jun Yangb, and David Meinkeb
a Novartis Agribusiness Biotechnology Research, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
b Department of Botany, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
c Plant Research International, Wageningen University Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Correspondence to: David Meinke, meinke{at}osuunx.ucc.okstate.edu (E-mail), 405-744-7074 (fax)

The titan (ttn) mutants of Arabidopsis exhibit dramatic alterations in mitosis and cell cycle control during seed development. Endosperm development in these mutants is characterized by the formation of giant polyploid nuclei with enlarged nucleoli. Embryo development is accompanied by significant cell enlargement in some mutants (ttn1 and ttn5) but not others (ttn2 and ttn3). We describe here the molecular cloning of TTN5 using a T-DNA–tagged allele. A second allele with a similar phenotype contains a nonsense mutation in the same coding region. The predicted protein is related to ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs), members of the RAS family of small GTP binding proteins that regulate various cellular functions in eukaryotes. TTN5 is most closely related in sequence to the ARL2 class of ARF-like proteins isolated from humans, rats, and mice. Although the cellular functions of ARL proteins remain unclear, the ttn5 phenotype is consistent with the known roles of ARFs in the regulation of intracellular vesicle transport.




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