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Plant Cell, Vol. 12, 1647-1666, September 2000, Copyright © 2000, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Four Genes of Medicago truncatula Controlling Components of a Nod Factor Transduction Pathway

Romy Catoiraa, Christine Galeraa, Francoise de Billya, R. Varma Penmetsab, Etienne-Pascal Journeta, Fabienne Mailleta, Charles Rosenberga, Douglas Cookb, Clare Gougha, and Jean Dénariéa
a Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire des Relations Plantes-Microorganismes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique–Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA-CNRS) UMR215, BP27, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
b Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Crop Biotechnology Center, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843

Correspondence to: Clare Gough, gough{at}toulouse.inra.fr (E-mail), 33-561285061 (fax)

Rhizobium nodulation (Nod) factors are lipo-chitooligosaccharides that act as symbiotic signals, eliciting several key developmental responses in the roots of legume hosts. Using nodulation-defective mutants of Medicago truncatula, we have started to dissect the genetic control of Nod factor transduction. Mutants in four genes (DMI1, DMI2, DMI3, and NSP) were pleiotropically affected in Nod factor responses, indicating that these genes are required for a Nod factor–activated signal transduction pathway that leads to symbiotic responses such as root hair deformations, expressions of nodulin genes, and cortical cell divisions. Mutant analysis also provides evidence that Nod factors have a dual effect on the growth of root hair: inhibition of endogenous (plant) tip growth, and elicitation of a novel tip growth dependent on (bacterial) Nod factors. dmi1, dmi2, and dmi3 mutants are also unable to establish a symbiotic association with endomycorrhizal fungi, indicating that there are at least three common steps to nodulation and endomycorrhization in M. truncatula and providing further evidence for a common signaling pathway between nodulation and mycorrhization.




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 Plant Physiol.Home page
R. V. Penmetsa, J. A. Frugoli, L. S. Smith, S. R. Long, and D. R. Cook
Dual Genetic Pathways Controlling Nodule Number in Medicago truncatula
Plant Physiology, March 1, 2003; 131(3): 998 - 1008.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Appl. Environ. Microbiol.Home page
H. Berges, E. Lauber, C. Liebe, J. Batut, D. Kahn, F. J. de Bruijn, and F. Ampe
Development of Sinorhizobium meliloti Pilot Macroarrays for Transcriptome Analysis
Appl. Envir. Microbiol., February 1, 2003; 69(2): 1214 - 1219.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 GlycobiologyHome page
W. D'Haeze and M. Holsters
Nod factor structures, responses, and perception during initiation of nodule development
Glycobiology, June 1, 2002; 12(6): 79R - 105R.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Exp BotHome page
J. M. Garcia-Garrido and J. A. Ocampo
Regulation of the plant defence response in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
J. Exp. Bot., June 1, 2002; 53(373): 1377 - 1386.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Plant CellHome page
R. Geurts and T. Bisseling
Rhizobium Nod Factor Perception and Signalling
PLANT CELL, May 1, 2002; 14(90001): S239 - 249.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 Plant Physiol.Home page
R. J. Wais, D. H. Keating, and S. R. Long
Structure-Function Analysis of Nod Factor-Induced Root Hair Calcium Spiking in Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis
Plant Physiology, May 1, 2002; 129(1): 211 - 224.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 ANN BOT (LOND)Home page
V. E. TSYGANOV, V. A. VOROSHILOVA, U. B. PRIEFER, A. Y. BORISOV, and I. A. TIKHONOVICH
Genetic Dissection of the Initiation of the Infection Process and Nodule Tissue Development in the Rhizobium-Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Symbiosis
Ann. Bot., April 1, 2002; 89(4): 357 - 366.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Integr. Comp. Biol.Home page
M. R. Lum, Y. Li, T. A. LaRue, R. David-Schwartz, Y. Kapulnik, and A. M. Hirsch
Investigation of Four Classes of Non-nodulating White Sweetclover (Melilotus alba annua Desr.) Mutants and Their Responses to Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal Fungi
Integr. Comp. Biol., April 1, 2002; 42(2): 295 - 303.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Plant Physiol.Home page
J. R. Cohn, T. Uhm, S. Ramu, Y.-W. Nam, D.-J. Kim, R. V. Penmetsa, T. C. Wood, R. L. Denny, N. D. Young, D. R. Cook, et al.
Differential Regulation of a Family of Apyrase Genes from Medicago truncatula
Plant Physiology, April 1, 2001; 125(4): 2104 - 2119.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 Plant CellHome page
J. Frugoli and J. Harris
Medicago truncatula on the Move!
PLANT CELL, March 1, 2001; 13(3): 458 - 463.
[Full Text]

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 DevelopmentHome page
R Catoira, A. Timmers, F Maillet, C Galera, R. Penmetsa, D Cook, J Denarie, and C Gough
The HCL gene of Medicago truncatula controls Rhizobium-induced root hair curling
Development, January 5, 2001; 128(9): 1507 - 1518.
[Abstract] [PDF]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
R. J. Wais, C. Galera, G. Oldroyd, R. Catoira, R. V. Penmetsa, D. Cook, C. Gough, J. Dénarié, and S. R. Long
Genetic analysis of calcium spiking responses in nodulation mutants of Medicago truncatula
PNAS, November 8, 2000; (2000) 230439797.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
R. J. Wais, C. Galera, G. Oldroyd, R. Catoira, R. V. Penmetsa, D. Cook, C. Gough, J. Denarie, and S. R. Long
Genetic analysis of calcium spiking responses in nodulation mutants of Medicago truncatula
PNAS, November 21, 2000; 97(24): 13407 - 13412.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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