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Plant Cell, Vol. 13, 627-643, March 2001, Copyright © 2001, American Society of Plant Physiologists
Self-Incompatibility in the Genus Arabidopsis: Characterization of the S Locus in the Outcrossing A. lyrata and Its Autogamous Relative A. thaliana
Makoto Kusabaa,
Kathleen Dwyerb,
Jennifer Hendershotb,
Julia Vrebalovc,
June B. Nasrallaha, and
Mikhail E. Nasrallaha
a Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
b Biology Department, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510
c Federal Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Ithaca, New York 14853
Correspondence to:
Mikhail E. Nasrallah, men4{at}cornell.edu (E-mail)
As a starting point for a phylogenetic study of self-incompatibility (SI) in crucifers and to elucidate the genetic basis of transitions between outcrossing and self-fertilizing mating systems in this family, we investigated the SI system of Arabidopsis lyrata. A. lyrata is an outcrossing close relative of the self-fertile A. thaliana and is thought to have diverged from A. thaliana 5 million years ago and from Brassica spp 15 to 20 million years ago. Analysis of two S (sterility) locus haplotypes demonstrates that the A. lyrata S locus contains tightly linked orthologs of the S locus receptor kinase (SRK) gene and the S locus cysteine-rich protein (SCR) gene, which are the determinants of SI specificity in stigma and pollen, respectively, but lacks an S locus glycoprotein gene. As described previously in Brassica, the S haplotypes of A. lyrata differ by the rearranged order of their genes and by their variable physical sizes. Comparative mapping of the A. lyrata and Brassica S loci indicates that the S locus of crucifers is a dynamic locus that has undergone several duplication events since the ArabidopsisBrassica split and was translocated as a unit between two distant chromosomal locations during diversification of the two taxa. Furthermore, comparative analysis of the S locus region of A. lyrata and its homeolog in self-fertile A. thaliana identified orthologs of the SRK and SCR genes and demonstrated that self-compatibility in this species is associated with inactivation of SI specificity genes.
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