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Plant Cell, Vol. 13, 1221-1230, May 2001, Copyright © 2001, American Society of Plant Physiologists
Reversible Calcium-Regulated Stopcocks in Legume Sieve
Tubes
Michael Knoblaucha,
Winfried S. Petersb,
Katrin Ehlersa, and
Aart J. E. van
Bela
a Institut für Allgemeine Botanik und
Pflanzenphysiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Senckenbergstrasse 17-21, D-35390 Giessen,
Germany
b AK Kinematische Zellforschung, Biozentrum der Johann Wolfgang
Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 9, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Correspondence to:
Michael Knoblauch, michael.knoblauch{at}bot1.bio.uni-giessen.de (E-mail), 49-641-99-35119 (fax)
Sieve tubes of legumes (Fabaceae)
contain characteristic P-protein crystalloids with controversial function. We studied their behavior
by conventional light, electron, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. In situ, crystalloids are
able to undergo rapid (<1 sec) and reversible conversions from the condensed resting state into a
dispersed state, in which they occlude the sieve tubes. Crystalloid dispersal is triggered by plasma
membrane leakage induced by mechanical injury or permeabilizing substances. Similarly, abrupt turgor
changes imposed by osmotic shock cause crystalloid dispersal. Because chelators generally prevent the
response, divalent cations appear to be the decisive factor in crystalloid expansion. Cycling between
dispersal and condensation can be induced in opened cells by repetitive exchange of bathing media
containing either Ca2+ or chelators. Sr2+ and Ba2+, but not
Mg2+, are equally active. In conclusion, the fabacean P-protein crystalloids represent a
novel class of mechanically active proteinaceous structures, which provide an efficient mechanism with
which to control sieve tube conductivity.
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