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Positioning of Nuclei in Arabidopsis Root Hairs

An Actin-Regulated Process of Tip Growth

^a Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Wageningen University Arboretumlaan, 4 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
^b Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
^c Cell Biology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UG, United Kingdom

² To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail annemie.emons{at}pcb.dpw.wag-ur.nl; fax 31-317-485005

In growing Arabidopsis root hairs, the nucleus locates at a fixed distance from the apex, migrates to a random position during growth arrest, and moves from branch to branch in a mutant with branched hairs. Consistently, an artificial increase of the distance between the nucleus and the apex, achieved by entrapment of the nucleus in a laser beam, stops cell growth. Drug studies show that microtubules are not involved in the positioning of the nucleus but that subapical fine F-actin between the nucleus and the hair apex is required to maintain the nuclear position with respect to the growing apex. Injection of an antibody against plant villin, an actin filament-bundling protein, leads to actin filament unbundling and movement of the nucleus closer to the apex. Thus, the bundled actin at the tip side of the nucleus prevents the nucleus from approaching the apex. In addition, we show that the basipetal movement of the nucleus at root hair growth arrest requires protein synthesis and a functional actin cytoskeleton in the root hair tube.

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