The Plant Cell, Vol. 14, 1787-1799,
August 2002, Copyright © 2002,
American Society of Plant Biologists
FRD3, a Member of the Multidrug and Toxin Efflux Family, Controls Iron Deficiency Responses in Arabidopsis
Elizabeth E. Rogers1,2 and
Mary Lou Guerinot
Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
2 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail rogersee{at}missouri.edu; fax 573-882-0185
We present the cloning and characterization of an Arabidopsis gene, FRD3, involved in iron homeostasis. Plants carrying any of the three alleles of frd3 constitutively express three strategy I iron deficiency responses and misexpress a number of iron deficiencyregulated genes. Mutant plants also accumulate approximately twofold excess iron, fourfold excess manganese, and twofold excess zinc in their shoots. frd3-3 was first identified as man1. The FRD3 gene is expressed at detectable levels in roots but not in shoots and is predicted to encode a membrane protein belonging to the multidrug and toxin efflux family. Other members of this family have been implicated in a variety of processes and are likely to transport small organic molecules. The phenotypes of frd3 mutant plants, which are consistent with a defect in either iron deficiency signaling or iron distribution, indicate that FRD3 is an important component of iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
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