First published online August 23, 2002; 10.1105/tpc.003426
The Plant Cell, Vol. 14, 2107-2119,
September 2002, Copyright © 2002,
American Society of Plant Biologists
Two Novel Fungal Virulence Genes Specifically Expressed in Appressoria of the Rice Blast Fungus
Chaoyang Xuea,
Gyungsoon Parka,
Woobong Choib,
Li Zhengc,
Ralph A. Deanb and
Jin-Rong Xu1,a
a Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
b Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606
c Syngenta Agribusiness Biotechnology Research, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail xu{at}btny.purdue.edu; fax 765-494-0363
The PMK1 mitogen-activated protein kinase gene regulates appressorium formation and infectious hyphae growth in the rice blast fungus. To further characterize this mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, we constructed a subtraction library enriched for genes regulated by PMK1. Two genes identified in this library, GAS1 and GAS2, encode small proteins that are homologous with gEgh16 of the powdery mildew fungus. Both were expressed specifically during appressorium formation in the wild-type strains, but neither was expressed in the pmk1 mutant. Mutants deleted in GAS1 and GAS2 had no defect in vegetative growth, conidiation, or appressoria formation, but they were reduced in appressorial penetration and lesion development. Interestingly, deletion of both GAS1 and GAS2 did not have an additive effect on appressorial penetration and lesion formation. The GAS1–green fluorescent protein and GAS2–green fluorescent protein fusion proteins were expressed only in appressoria and localized in the cytoplasm. These two genes may belong to a class of proteins specific for filamentous fungi and function as novel virulence factors in fungal pathogens.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
R. Mehrabi, S. Ding, and J.-R. Xu
MADS-Box Transcription Factor Mig1 Is Required for Infectious Growth in Magnaporthe grisea
Eukaryot. Cell,
May 1, 2008;
7(5):
791 - 799.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kleemann, H. Takahara, K. Stuber, and R. O'Connell
Identification of soluble secreted proteins from appressoria of Colletotrichum higginsianum by analysis of expressed sequence tags
Microbiology,
April 1, 2008;
154(4):
1204 - 1217.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Zhao, R. Mehrabi, and J.-R. Xu
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways and Fungal Pathogenesis
Eukaryot. Cell,
October 1, 2007;
6(10):
1701 - 1714.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Fudal, J. Collemare, H. U. Bohnert, D. Melayah, and M.-H. Lebrun
Expression of Magnaporthe grisea Avirulence Gene ACE1 Is Connected to the Initiation of Appressorium-Mediated Penetration
Eukaryot. Cell,
March 1, 2007;
6(3):
546 - 554.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Park, C. Xue, X. Zhao, Y. Kim, M. Orbach, and J.-R. Xu
Multiple Upstream Signals Converge on the Adaptor Protein Mst50 in Magnaporthe grisea
PLANT CELL,
October 1, 2006;
18(10):
2822 - 2835.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Wang and R. J. St. Leger
Developmental and Transcriptional Responses to Host and Nonhost Cuticles by the Specific Locust Pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum
Eukaryot. Cell,
May 1, 2005;
4(5):
937 - 947.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Ahren, M. Tholander, C. Fekete, B. Rajashekar, E. Friman, T. Johansson, and A. Tunlid
Comparison of gene expression in trap cells and vegetative hyphae of the nematophagous fungus Monacrosporium haptotylum
Microbiology,
March 1, 2005;
151(3):
789 - 803.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. U. Bohnert, I. Fudal, W. Dioh, D. Tharreau, J.-L. Notteghem, and M.-H. Lebrun
A Putative Polyketide Synthase/Peptide Synthetase from Magnaporthe grisea Signals Pathogen Attack to Resistant Rice
PLANT CELL,
September 1, 2004;
16(9):
2499 - 2513.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
