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Suppression of Transgene Silencing by Matrix Attachment Regions in Maize

A Dual Role for the Maize 5' ADH1 Matrix Attachment Region

^a Department of Zoology and Genetics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
^b Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Johnston, Iowa 50131
^c School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588

² To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail zavramova2{at}unl.edu; fax 402-472-2083

Matrix attachment regions (MARs) are DNA sequences that bind an internal nuclear network of nonhistone proteins called the nuclear matrix. Thus, they may define discrete gene-containing chromatin loops in vivo. We have studied the effects of flanking transgenes with MARs on transgene expression levels in maize callus and in transformed maize plants. Three MAR elements, two from maize (Adh1 5' MAR and Mha1 5' MAR) and one from yeast (ARS1), had very different effects on transgene expression that bore no relation to their affinity for the nuclear matrix in vitro. In callus, two of the MAR elements (Adh1 5' MAR and ARS1) reduced transgene silencing but had no effect on the variability of expression. In transgenic plants, Adh1 5' MAR had the effect of localizing -glucuronidase expression to lateral root initiation sites. A possible model accounting for the function of Adh1 5' MAR is discussed.

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