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First published online November 13, 2003; 10.1105/tpc.015685

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The Plant Cell, Vol. 15, 2816-2825, December 2003, www.plantcell.org ©2003, American Society of Plant Biologists

Ethylene Regulates Arabidopsis Development via the Modulation of DELLA Protein Growth Repressor Function

Patrick Acharda, Wim H. Vriezen1,b, Dominique Van Der Straetenb and Nicholas P. Harberd2,a

a John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
b Department of Molecular Genetics, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium

2 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail nicholas.harberd{at}bbsrc.ac.uk; fax 44-1603-450025

Phytohormones regulate plant development via a poorly understood signal response network. Here, we show that the phytohormone ethylene regulates plant development at least in part via alteration of the properties of DELLA protein nuclear growth repressors, a family of proteins first identified as gibberellin (GA) signaling components. This conclusion is based on the following experimental observations. First, ethylene inhibited Arabidopsis root growth in a DELLA-dependent manner. Second, ethylene delayed the GA-induced disappearance of the DELLA protein repressor of ga1-3 from root cell nuclei via a constitutive triple response-dependent signaling pathway. Third, the ethylene-promoted "apical hook" structure of etiolated seedling hypocotyls was dependent on the relief of DELLA-mediated growth restraint. Ethylene, auxin, and GA responses now can be attributed to effects on DELLA function, suggesting that DELLA plays a key integrative role in the phytohormone signal response network.




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