This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 16/10/2641    most recent tpc.104.024604v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Web of Science (17) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ishida, S. Articles by Takahashi, Y. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ishida, S. Articles by Takahashi, Y. Agricola Articles by Ishida, S. Articles by Takahashi, Y.

Involvement of 14-3-3 Signaling Protein Binding in the Functional Regulation of the Transcriptional Activator REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH by Gibberellins

^a Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
^b Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail ytakahas{at}hiroshima-u.ac.jp; fax 81-824-24-7392.

REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH (RSG) is a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) transcriptional activator with a basic Leu zipper domain that regulates endogenous amounts of gibberellins (GAs) by the control of a GA biosynthetic enzyme. The 14-3-3 signaling proteins have been suggested to suppress RSG by sequestering it in the cytoplasm. Here, we show that RSG phosphorylation on Ser-114 is important for 14-3-3 binding. We found that GA levels regulate the intracellular localization of RSG. RSG translocated into the nucleus in response to a reduction in GA levels. GA treatment could reverse this nuclear accumulation. The GA-induced disappearance of RSG–green fluorescent protein from the nucleus did not depend on protein degradation. By contrast, the mutant RSG (S114A) that could not bind to 14-3-3 continued to be localized predominantly in the nucleus after GA application. Analysis of the mRNA levels of GA biosynthetic genes showed that the feedback regulation of the GA 20-oxidase gene was inhibited in transgenic plants expressing a dominant negative form of RSG. Our results suggest that RSG is negatively modulated by GAs by 14-3-3 binding and might be involved in GA homeostasis.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. A. Purwestri, Y. Ogaki, S. Tamaki, H. Tsuji, and K. Shimamoto The 14-3-3 Protein GF14c Acts as a Negative Regulator of Flowering in Rice by Interacting with the Florigen Hd3a Plant Cell Physiol., March 1, 2009; 50(3): 429 - 438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Ishida, T. Yuasa, M. Nakata, and Y. Takahashi A Tobacco Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase, CDPK1, Regulates the Transcription Factor REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH in Response to Gibberellins PLANT CELL, December 1, 2008; 20(12): 3273 - 3288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Lee, H.-S. Lee, J.-S. Lee, S.-K. Kim, and S.-H. Kim Hormone- and light-regulated nucleocytoplasmic transport in plants: current status J. Exp. Bot., September 1, 2008; 59(12): 3229 - 3245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Ryu, K. Kim, H. Cho, J. Park, S. Choe, and I. Hwang Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of BZR1 Mediated by Phosphorylation Is Essential in Arabidopsis Brassinosteroid Signaling PLANT CELL, September 1, 2007; 19(9): 2749 - 2762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-Y. Bai, L.-Y. Zhang, S. S. Gampala, S.-W. Zhu, W.-Y. Song, K. Chong, and Z.-Y. Wang Functions of OsBZR1 and 14-3-3 proteins in brassinosteroid signaling in rice PNAS, August 21, 2007; 104(34): 13839 - 13844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Takahashi, T. Kinoshita, and K.-i. Shimazaki Protein Phosphorylation and Binding of a 14-3-3 Protein in Vicia Guard Cells in Response to ABA Plant Cell Physiol., August 1, 2007; 48(8): 1182 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Matsushita, T. Furumoto, S. Ishida, and Y. Takahashi AGF1, an AT-Hook Protein, Is Necessary for the Negative Feedback of AtGA3ox1 Encoding GA 3-Oxidase Plant Physiology, March 1, 2007; 143(3): 1152 - 1162. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Carrasco, M. J. Castello, and P. Vera 14-3-3 Mediates Transcriptional Regulation by Modulating Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of Tobacco DNA-binding Protein Phosphatase-1 J. Biol. Chem., August 11, 2006; 281(32): 22875 - 22881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Chen, Q. Li, L. Sun, and Z. He The Rice 14-3-3 Gene Family and its Involvement in Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stress DNA Res, January 1, 2006; 13(2): 53 - 63. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]