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The PEROXIN11 Protein Family Controls Peroxisome Proliferation in Arabidopsis^[W]

^a Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
^b Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
^c Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
^d Plant Biology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail huji{at}msu.edu; fax 517-353-9168.

PEROXIN11 (PEX11) is a peroxisomal membrane protein in fungi and mammals and was proposed to play a major role in peroxisome proliferation. To begin understanding how peroxisomes proliferate in plants and how changes in peroxisome abundance affect plant development, we characterized the extended Arabidopsis thaliana PEX11 protein family, consisting of the three phylogenetically distinct subfamilies PEX11a, PEX11b, and PEX11c to PEX11e. All five Arabidopsis PEX11 proteins target to peroxisomes, as demonstrated for endogenous and cyan fluorescent protein fusion proteins by fluorescence microscopy and immunobiochemical analysis using highly purified leaf peroxisomes. PEX11a and PEX11c to PEX11e behave as integral proteins of the peroxisome membrane. Overexpression of At PEX11 genes in Arabidopsis induced peroxisome proliferation, whereas reduction in gene expression decreased peroxisome abundance. PEX11c and PEX11e, but not PEX11a, PEX11b, and PEX11d, complemented to significant degrees the growth phenotype of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae pex11 null mutant on oleic acid. Heterologous expression of PEX11e in the yeast mutant increased the number and reduced the size of the peroxisomes. We conclude that all five Arabidopsis PEX11 proteins promote peroxisome proliferation and that individual family members play specific roles in distinct peroxisomal subtypes and environmental conditions and possibly in different steps of peroxisome proliferation.

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