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First published online October 21, 2008; 10.1105/tpc.107.056796

The Plant Cell 20:2783-2797 (2008)
© 2008 American Society of Plant Biologists

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The Plant TPX2 Protein Regulates Prospindle Assembly before Nuclear Envelope Breakdown[W]

Jan W. Vosa,1, Laurent Pieuchotb,1, Jean-Luc Evrardb, Natacha Janskib, Marc Bergdollb, Dryas de Rondea, Laurent H. Perezc,2, Teresa Sardonc, Isabelle Vernosc,d and Anne-Catherine Schmitb,3

a Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Wageningen University, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
b Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Laboratoire Propre du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventionné avec l'Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg I), 67084 Strasbourg, France
c Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Cell and Developmental Biology Program, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
d Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain

3 Address correspondence to anne-catherine.schmit{at}ibmp-ulp.u-strasbg.fr.

The Targeting Protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) is a central regulator of spindle assembly in vertebrate cells. The absence or excess of TPX2 inhibits spindle formation. We have defined a TPX2 signature motif that is present once in vertebrate sequences but twice in plants. Plant TPX2 is predominantly nuclear during interphase and is actively exported before nuclear envelope breakdown to initiate prospindle assembly. It localizes to the spindle microtubules but not to the interdigitating polar microtubules during anaphase or to the phragmoplast as it is rapidly degraded during telophase. We characterized the Arabidopsis thaliana TPX2-targeting domains and show that the protein is able to rescue microtubule assembly in TPX2-depleted Xenopus laevis egg extracts. Injection of antibodies to TPX2 into living plant cells inhibits the onset of mitosis. These results demonstrate that plant TPX2 already functions before nuclear envelope breakdown. Thus, plants have adapted nuclear–cytoplasmic shuttling of TPX2 to maintain proper spindle assembly without centrosomes.


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Mitotic Spindle Formation in Plants
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Home page
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N. R. Hofmann
Mitotic Spindle Formation in Plants
PLANT CELL, October 1, 2008; 20(10): 2544 - 2544.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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