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Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin 1 Is Required for the Maintenance of Plasma Membrane Integrity and Cell Viability^[W]

^a Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
^b Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
^c Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
^d Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
^e Departamento de Biología de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 28040 Madrid, Spain

³ Address correspondence to mabotella{at}uma.es.

Plasma membrane repair in animal cells uses synaptotagmin 7, a Ca²⁺-activated membrane fusion protein that mediates delivery of intracellular membranes to wound sites by a mechanism resembling neuronal Ca²⁺-regulated exocytosis. Here, we show that loss of function of the homologous Arabidopsis thaliana Synaptotagmin 1 protein (SYT1) reduces the viability of cells as a consequence of a decrease in the integrity of the plasma membrane. This reduced integrity is enhanced in the syt1-2 null mutant in conditions of osmotic stress likely caused by a defective plasma membrane repair. Consistent with a role in plasma membrane repair, SYT1 is ubiquitously expressed, is located at the plasma membrane, and shares all domains characteristic of animal synaptotagmins (i.e., an N terminus-transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic region containing two C2 domains with phospholipid binding activities). Our analyses support that membrane trafficking mediated by SYT1 is important for plasma membrane integrity and plant fitness.

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