This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Data All Versions of this Article: 20/12/3389    most recent tpc.108.062679v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in Plant Cell Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Yamazaki, T. Articles by Uemura, M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Yamazaki, T. Articles by Uemura, M. Agricola Articles by Yamazaki, T. Articles by Uemura, M.

Calcium-Dependent Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis Involves Membrane Resealing via Synaptotagmin SYT1^[W]

^a The 21st Century Center of Excellence Program, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
^b Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan

¹ Address correspondence to ykawa{at}iwate-u.ac.jp.

Plant freezing tolerance involves the prevention of lethal freeze-induced damage to the plasma membrane. We hypothesized that plant freezing tolerance involves membrane resealing, which, in animal cells, is accomplished by calcium-dependent exocytosis following mechanical disruption of the plasma membrane. In Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts, extracellular calcium enhanced not only freezing tolerance but also tolerance to electroporation, which typically punctures the plasma membrane. However, calcium did not enhance survival when protoplasts were exposed to osmotic stress that mimicked freeze-induced dehydration. Calcium-dependent freezing tolerance was also detected with leaf sections in which ice crystals intruded into tissues. Interestingly, calcium-dependent freezing tolerance was inhibited by extracellular addition of an antibody against the cytosolic region of SYT1, a homolog of synaptotagmin known to be a calcium sensor that initiates exocytosis. This inhibition indicates that the puncture allowing the antibody to flow into the cytoplasm occurs during freeze/thawing. Thus, we propose that calcium-dependent freezing tolerance results from resealing of the punctured site. Protoplasts or leaf sections isolated from Arabidopsis SYT1-RNA interference (RNAi) plants lost calcium-dependent freezing tolerance, and intact SYT1-RNAi plants had lower freezing tolerance than control plants. Taken together, these findings suggest that calcium-dependent freezing tolerance results from membrane resealing and that this mechanism involves SYT1 function.

Related articles in Plant Cell:

Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin1 Maintains Plasma Membrane Integrity

Nancy A. Eckardt
Plant Cell 2008 20: 3182. [Full Text]  

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. D. Lewis and S. G. Lazarowitz Arabidopsis synaptotagmin SYTA regulates endocytosis and virus movement protein cell-to-cell transport PNAS, February 9, 2010; 107(6): 2491 - 2496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Schapire, B. Voigt, J. Jasik, A. Rosado, R. Lopez-Cobollo, D. Menzel, J. Salinas, S. Mancuso, V. Valpuesta, F. Baluska, et al. Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin 1 Is Required for the Maintenance of Plasma Membrane Integrity and Cell Viability PLANT CELL, December 1, 2008; 20(12): 3374 - 3388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. A. Eckardt Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin1 Maintains Plasma Membrane Integrity PLANT CELL, December 1, 2008; 20(12): 3182 - 3182. [Full Text] [PDF]