OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

This Article Free via Open Access: OA OA Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Data OA All Versions of this Article: 20/7/1775    most recent tpc.108.060848v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in Plant Cell Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Google Scholar Articles by Kanaoka, M. M. Articles by Torii, K. U. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Kanaoka, M. M. Articles by Torii, K. U. Agricola Articles by Kanaoka, M. M. Articles by Torii, K. U.

SCREAM/ICE1 and SCREAM2 Specify Three Cell-State Transitional Steps Leading to Arabidopsis Stomatal Differentiation^[W],[OA]

^a Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
^b Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
^c Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga 520-2113 Japan
^d Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195

² Address correspondence to ktorii{at}u.washington.edu.

Differentiation of specialized cell types in multicellular organisms requires orchestrated actions of cell fate determinants. Stomata, valves on the plant epidermis, are formed through a series of differentiation events mediated by three closely related basic-helix-loop-helix proteins: SPEECHLESS (SPCH), MUTE, and FAMA. However, it is not known what mechanism coordinates their actions. Here, we identify two paralogous proteins, SCREAM (SCRM) and SCRM2, which directly interact with and specify the sequential actions of SPCH, MUTE, and FAMA. The gain-of-function mutation in SCRM exhibited constitutive stomatal differentiation in the epidermis. Conversely, successive loss of SCRM and SCRM2 recapitulated the phenotypes of fama, mute, and spch, indicating that SCRM and SCRM2 together determined successive initiation, proliferation, and terminal differentiation of stomatal cell lineages. Our findings identify the core regulatory units of stomatal differentiation and suggest a model strikingly similar to cell-type differentiation in animals. Surprisingly, map-based cloning revealed that SCRM is INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION1, a master regulator of freezing tolerance, thus implicating a potential link between the transcriptional regulation of environmental adaptation and development in plants.

Related articles in Plant Cell:

They All Scream for ICE1/SCRM2: Core Regulatory Units in Stomatal Development

Nancy R. Hofmann
Plant Cell 2008 20: 1732. [Full Text]  

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. R. Lampard, C. A. MacAlister, and D. C. Bergmann Arabidopsis Stomatal Initiation Is Controlled by MAPK-Mediated Regulation of the bHLH SPEECHLESS Science, November 14, 2008; 322(5904): 1113 - 1116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. J. M. Saibo, T. Lourenco, and M. M. Oliveira Transcription factors and regulation of photosynthetic and related metabolism under environmental stresses Ann. Bot., November 13, 2008; (2008) mcn227v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]