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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 3, Issue 7 657-665, Copyright © 1991 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Cell-Specific Expression of Plant Histone H2A Genes
A. J. Koning, E. Y. Tanimoto, K. Kiehne, T. Rost and L. Comai
Calgene Inc., 1920 Fifth Street, Davis, California 95616
Histone H2A is a component of eukaryotic chromatin whose expression has not
been studied in plants. We isolated and characterized a tomato and a pea
cDNA encoding histone H2A. We found that in tomato H2A is encoded by a
small gene family and that both the pea and the tomato mRNAs are
polyadenylated. Tomato H2A has 82% amino acid residue identity to pea H2A,
83% to wheat, and 65% to human and yeast H2A. Plant H2As differ from fungal
and animal H2As in their amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal regions.
Carboxy-terminal plant H2A regions contain the motif SPKK, a peptide
implicated in binding of A/T-rich DNA regions. By using RNA gel blot
analysis, we determined that the steady-state mRNA level of these genes was
abundant in apices and early developing fruit and very low in mature
tissues. In situ RNA hybridization showed strong spatial regulation because
the mRNA was abundant in some cells and not detectable in others. In tomato
shoot tips, H2A-expressing cells were distributed irregularly in or near
meristems. In tomato or pea root tips, expressing cells were concentrated
near the apex, and their distribution was consistent with that expected of
cycling cells. Other H2A transcripts were found in nondividing cortical
cells that are known to undergo endoduplication during the late maturation
phase of primary development.
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