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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 4, Issue 7 759-771, Copyright © 1992 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Premature Dissolution of the Microsporocyte Callose Wall Causes Male Sterility in Transgenic Tobacco
D. Worrall, D. L. Hird, R. Hodge, W. Paul, J. Draper and R. Scott
Department of Botany, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
Male sterility in a petunia cytoplasmic male sterile line has been
attributed to the early appearance of active callase, a
[beta]-1,3-glucanase, in the anther locule. This leads to premature
dissolution of the callose walls surrounding the microsporogenous cells. We
have mimicked this aspect of the petunia line in transgenic tobacco by
engineering the secretion of a modified pathogenesis-related vacuolar
[beta]-1,3-glucanase from the tapetum prior to the appearance of callase
activity in the locule. Plants expressing the modified glucanase from
tapetum-specific promoters exhibited reduced male fertility, ranging from
complete to partial male sterility. Callose appearance and distribution are
normal in the male sterile transgenic plants up to prophase I, whereupon
callose is prematurely degraded. Meiosis and cell division occur normally.
The resultant microspores have an abnormally thin cell wall that lacks
sculpturing. The tapetum shows hypertrophy. Male sterility is probably
caused by bursting of the aberrant microspores at a time corresponding to
microspore release. These results demonstrate that premature callose
degradation is sufficient to cause male sterility and suggest that callose
is essential for the formation of a normal microspore cell wall.
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