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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 4, Issue 9 1075-1087, Copyright © 1992 by American Society of Plant Biologists
A Novel Circadian Phenotype Based on Firefly Luciferase Expression in Transgenic Plants
A. J. Millar, S. R. Short, N. H. Chua and S. A. Kay
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021-6399
A 320-bp fragment of the Arabidopsis cab2 promoter is sufficient to mediate
transcriptional regulation by both phytochrome and the circadian clock. We
fused this promoter fragment to the firefly luciferase (Luc) gene to create
a real-time reporter for regulated gene expression in intact plants.
Cab2::Luc transcript accumulated in the expected patterns and luciferase
activity was closely correlated to cab2::Luc mRNA abundance in both
etiolated and green seedlings. The concentration of the bulk of luciferase
protein did not reflect these patterns but maintained a relatively constant
level, implying that a post-translational mechanism(s) leads to the
high-amplitude regulation of luciferase activity. We used a low-light video
imaging system to establish that luciferase bioluminescence in vivo
accurately reports the temporal and spatial regulation of cab2
transcription in single seedlings. The unique qualities of the firefly
luciferase system allowed us to monitor regulated gene expression in real
time in individual multicellular organisms. This noninvasive marker for
temporal regulation at the molecular level constitutes a circadian
phenotype, which may be used to isolate mutants in the circadian clock.
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