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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 4, Issue 9 1113-1122, Copyright © 1992 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Visualizing Changes in Cytosolic-Free Ca2+ during the Response of Stomatal Guard Cells to Abscisic Acid
M. R. McAinsh, C. Brownlee and A. M. Hetherington
Institute of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
In this paper, we report the results of a detailed investigation into
abscisic acid (ABA)[mdash]stimulated elevations of guard cell
cytosolic-free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt). Fluorescence ratio photometry and ratio
imaging techniques were used to investigate this phenomenon. Guard cells of
open and closed (opened to 10 to 12 [mu]m before treatment with ABA)
stomata were microinjected with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Indo-1.
Resting [Ca2+]cyt ranged from 50 to 350 nM. ABA (100 nM) stimulated an
increase in [Ca2+]cyt in 68 and 81% of guard cells microinjected in the
open and closed configuration, respectively. All stomata were observed to
close in response to ABA. Increases ranged from 100 to 750 nM above the
resting concentration and were arbitrarily grouped into five "classes."
ABA-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]cyt were not uniformly distributed across
the cytosol of guard cells. Rapid transient increases in [Ca2+]cyt were
also observed in the guard cells of stomata microinjected in the closed
configuration. We concluded that the ABA-induced turgor loss in guard cells
is a Ca2+-dependent process.
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