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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 5, Issue 4 419-432, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Interorgan Regulation of Ethylene Biosynthetic Genes by Pollination
S. D. O'Neill, J. A. Nadeau, X. S. Zhang, A. Q. Bui and A. H. Halevy
Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Botany, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
Pollination initiates a syndrome of developmental events that contribute to
successful reproduction, including perianth senescence, changes in
pigmentation, and ovule differentiation in preparation for impending
fertilization. In orchid flowers, initiation of each of these processes in
distinct floral organs is strictly and coordinately controlled by
pollination, thus providing a unique opportunity to study the signals that
coordinate interorgan postpollination development. Because ethylene has
been implicated in contributing to regulation of several aspects of
postpollination development, we focused on determining the expression of
its biosynthetic genes and their possible role in regulation. The abundance
of mRNA encoding both 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase
and ACC oxidase in the stigma, ovary, and labellum was found to be
coordinately regulated by emasculation, auxin, and ethylene. Although
petals contribute up to 26% of total flower ethylene and accumulate high
levels of ACC oxidase mRNA and activity following pollination, no ACC
synthase mRNA or activity was detected in this tissue. Together, these
results support a model of interorgan regulation of postpollination
development that depends on pollination-stimulated accumulation of mRNA
encoding ethylene biosynthetic enzymes in a developmentally regulated and
tissue-specific manner. This model relies on the translocation of a soluble
hormone precursor, ACC, rather than on the translocation of the hormone
itself. In this way, ACC serves to actuate the response already initiated
by ethylene perceived by other parts of the flower. Thus, ACC may function
as a secondary transmissible signal that coordinates postpollination
development in diverse floral organs.
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