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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 6, Issue 1 53-63, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Mutants of Chlamydomonas with Aberrant Responses to Sulfur Deprivation
J. P. Davies, F. Yildiz and A. R. Grossman
Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Plant Biology, 290 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305
In the absence of sulfur, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular green
alga, increases its rate of sulfate import and synthesizes several
periplasmic proteins, including an arylsulfatase (Ars). These changes
appear to help cells acclimate to a sulfur-deficient environment. The
elevated rate of sulfate import results from an increase in the capacity
and affinity of the transport system for sulfate. The synthesis of Ars, a
periplasmic enzyme that cleaves sulfate from aromatic compounds, enables
cells to use these molecules as a source of sulfur when free sulfate is not
available. To characterize the ways in which C. reinhardtii perceives
changes in the sulfur status of the environment and regulates its responses
to these changes, we mutagenized cells and isolated strains exhibiting
aberrant accumulation of Ars activity. These mutants were characterized for
Ars activity, ars mRNA accumulation, periplasmic protein accumulation, and
sulfate transport activity when grown in both sulfur-sufficient and
sulfur-deficient conditions. All of the mutants exhibited pleiotropic
effects with respect to several of these responses. Strains harboring
double mutant combinations were constructed and characterized for Ars
activity and ars mRNA accumulation. From the mutant phenotypes, we inferred
that both positive and negative regulatory elements were involved in the
acclimation process. Both the epistatic relationships among the mutations
and the effects of the lesions on the responses of C. reinhardtii to sulfur
limitation distinguished these mutants from similar mutants in Neurospora
crassa.
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