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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 6, Issue 12 1731-1745, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
LEAFY COTYLEDON1 Is an Essential Regulator of Late Embryogenesis and Cotyledon Identity in Arabidopsis
MAL. West, K. M. Yee, J. Danao, J. L. Zimmerman, R. L. Fischer, R. B. Goldberg and J. J. Harada
Section of Plant Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616
LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) is an embryo defective mutation that affects
cotyledon identity in Arabidopsis. Mutant cotyledons possess trichomes that
are normally a leaf trait in Arabidopsis, and the cellular organization of
these organs is intermediate between that of cotyledons and leaves from
wild-type plants. We present several lines of evidence that indicate that
the control of late embryogenesis is compromised by the mutation. First,
mutant embryos are desiccation intolerant, yet embryos can be rescued
before they dry to yield homozygous recessive plants that produce defective
embryos exclusively. Second, although many genes normally expressed during
embryonic development are active in the mutant, at least one maturation
phase-specific gene is not activated. Third, the shoot apical meristem is
activated precociously in mutant embryos. Fourth, in mutant embryos,
several genes characteristic of postgerminative development are expressed
at levels typical of wild-type seedlings rather than embryos. We conclude
that postgerminative development is initiated prematurely and that
embryonic and postgerminative programs operate simultaneously in mutant
embryos. The pleiotropic effects of the mutation indicate that the LEC1
gene plays a fundamental role in regulating late embryogenesis. The role of
LEC1 and its relationship to other genes involved in controlling late
embryonic development are discussed.
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