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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 6, Issue 2 303-314, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
[gamma]-Tubulin in Arabidopsis: Gene Sequence, Immunoblot, and Immunofluorescence Studies
B. Liu, H. C. Joshi, T. J. Wilson, C. D. Silflow, B. A. Palevitz and D. P. Snustad
Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
[gamma]-Tubulin is a protein associated with microtubule (Mt)-organizing
centers in a variety of eukaryotic cells. Unfortunately, little is known
about such centers in plants. Genomic and partial cDNA clones encoding two
[gamma]-tubulins of Arabidopsis were isolated and sequenced. Comparisons of
genomic and cDNA sequences showed that both genes, TubG1 and TubG2, contain
nine introns at conserved locations. The sequences of the two genes both
predict proteins containing 474 amino acids, with molecular masses of
53,250 and 53,280 D, respectively. The predicted [gamma]1- and
[gamma]2-tubulins exhibit 98% amino acid identity with each other and ~70%
amino acid identity with the [gamma]-tubulins of animals and fungi. RNA gel
blot results demonstrated that both genes are transcribed in suspension
culture cells, seedlings, and roots and flowers of mature plants.
Immunoblots of Arabidopsis proteins using an antibody specific to a
conserved peptide of [gamma]-tubulin showed a major cross-reacting
polypeptide with an Mr of 58,000. The same antibody stained all Mt arrays
in tissue and suspension culture cells of this species. Binding was
inhibited by the homologous oligopeptide in the [gamma]-tubulins predicted
by the two Arabidopsis gene sequences. Antibody staining avoided the plus
ends of Mts at the kinetochores and cell plate, but unlike the case in
animal cells, seemed to be localized over broad stretches of the
kinetochore fibers and phragmoplast toward the minus ends. We concluded
that at least two [gamma]-tubulin protein homologs are present in
Arabidopsis and that at least one of them is localized along Mt arrays. Its
distribution is correlated with and may help explain unique characteristics
of Mt organization in plants.
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