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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 6, Issue 3 439-448, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Flower-Enhanced Expression of a Nuclear-Encoded Mitochondrial Respiratory Protein Is Associated with Changes in Mitochondrion Number
J. Huang, S. Friedhelm, D. F. Matzinger and C. S. Levings III
Department of Genetics, Box 7614, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7614
The mitochondrial Rieske iron-sulfur protein is an obligatory component of
the respiratory electron transport chain that is encoded by a single-copy
gene in mammals and fungi. In contrast, this protein is encoded by a small
gene family in dicotyledonous tobacco and monocotyledonous maize. We cloned
four cDNAs from tobacco that encode the mitochondrial Rieske iron-sulfur
protein. These clones, along with a previously isolated cDNA, represent
five independent members of the gene family that can be divided into three
subfamilies. All of these genes were derived from the two progenitor
species and were expressed in amphidiploid tobacco. The proteins encoded by
these five genes are probably functional because they all contain the
universally conserved hexyl peptides necessary for the 2Fe-2S cluster
formation. The expression of the Rieske protein gene family is
differentially regulated; a 6- to 11-fold higher level of steady state
transcripts was found in flowers than in leaves, stems, and roots. Members
of at least two subfamilies were preferentially expressed in flowers,
indicating that they share a common cis-regulatory element(s), which can
respond to a flower-specific signal(s). Although ~10 times more transcripts
occurred in flowers than in leaves, flower and leaf mitochondria contained
a similar amount of the Rieske protein. Flowers, however, contained seven
times more Rieske proteins than leaves. These results indicated an increase
in mitochondrion number in flowers. High-energy demands during anther
development might bring about an increase in mitochondrion numbers in
flowers and the flower-enhanced expression of the Rieske protein gene
family. Our results suggested that nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial
respiratory proteins could sense and respond to changes in energy
metabolism and/or changes in mitochondrion numbers.
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