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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 7, Issue 10 1645-1654, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Expression of a Flax Allene Oxide Synthase cDNA Leads to Increased Endogenous Jasmonic Acid (JA) Levels in Transgenic Potato Plants but Not to a Corresponding Activation of JA-Responding Genes
K. Harms, R. Atzorn, A. Brash, H. Kuhn, C. Wasternack, L. Willmitzer and H. Pena-Cortes
Institut fur Genbiologische Forschung, Ihnestrasse 63, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
Both jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl ester, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), are
thought to be significant components of the signaling pathway regulating
the expression of plant defense genes in response to various stresses. JA
and MeJA are plant lipid derivatives synthesized from [alpha]-linolenic
acid by a lipoxygenase-mediated oxygenation leading to
13-hydroperoxylinolenic acid, which is subsequently transformed by the
action of allene oxide synthase (AOS) and additional modification steps.
AOS converts lipoxygenase-derived fatty acid hydroperoxide to allene
epoxide, which is the precursor for JA formation. Overexpression of flax
AOS cDNA under the regulation of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter
in transgenic potato plants led to an increase in the endogenous level of
JA. Transgenic plants had six- to 12-fold higher levels of JA than the
nontransformed plants. Increased levels of JA have been observed when
potato and tomato plants are mechanically wounded. Under these conditions,
the proteinase inhibitor II (pin2) genes are expressed in the leaves.
Despite the fact that the transgenic plants had levels of JA similar to
those found in nontransgenic wounded plants, pin2 genes were not
constitutively expressed in the leaves of these plants. Transgenic plants
with increased levels of JA did not show changes in water state or in the
expression of water stress-responsive genes. Furthermore, the transgenic
plants overexpressing the flax AOS gene, and containing elevated levels of
JA, responded to wounding or water stress by a further increase in JA and
by activating the expression of either wound- or water stress-inducible
genes. Protein gel blot analysis demonstrated that the flax-derived AOS
protein accumulated in the chloroplasts of the transgenic plants.
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