|
THE PLANT CELL, Vol 7, Issue 11 1811-1821, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Phloem-Specific Expression of Tyrosine/Dopa Decarboxylase Genes and the Biosynthesis of Isoquinoline Alkaloids in Opium Poppy
P. J. Facchini and V. De Luca
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Vegetale, 4101 rue Sherbrooke Est, Departement de Sciences Biologiques, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H1X 2B2 Canada
Tyrosine/dopa decarboxylase (TYDC) catalyzes the formation of tyramine and
dopamine and represents the first steps in the biosynthesis of the large
and diverse group of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids. Opium poppy
accumulates morphine in aerial organs and roots, whereas sanguinarine,
which is derived from a distinct branch pathway, accumulates only in roots.
Expression of the TYDC gene family in opium poppy was investigated in
relation to the organ-specific biosynthesis of these different types of
alkaloids. Members of the TYDC gene family are classified into two groups
(represented by TYDC1 and TYDC2) and are differentially expressed. In the
mature plant, TYDC2-like transcripts are predominant in stems and are also
present in roots, whereas TYDC1-like transcripts are abundant only in
roots. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that the expression of TYDC
genes is developmentally regulated. TYDC transcripts are associated with
vascular tissue in mature roots and stems but are also expressed in
cortical tissues at earlier stages of development. Expression of TYDC genes
is restricted to metaphloem and to protoxylem in the vascular bundles of
mature aerial organs. Localization of TYDC transcripts in the phloem is
consistent with the expected developmental origin of laticifers, which are
specialized internal secretory cells that accompany vascular tissues in all
organs of select species and that contain the alkaloid-rich latex in aerial
organs. The differential expression of TYDC genes and the organ-dependent
accumulation of different alkaloids suggest a coordinated regulation of
specific alkaloid biosynthetic genes that are ultimately controlled by
specific developmental programs.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
N. Samanani, S.-U. Park, and P. J. Facchini
Cell Type-Specific Localization of Transcripts Encoding Nine Consecutive Enzymes Involved in Protoberberine Alkaloid Biosynthesis
PLANT CELL,
March 1, 2005;
17(3):
915 - 926.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Anke, D. Niemuller, S. Moll, R. Hansch, and D. Ober
Polyphyletic Origin of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids within the Asteraceae. Evidence from Differential Tissue Expression of Homospermidine Synthase
Plant Physiology,
December 1, 2004;
136(4):
4037 - 4047.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Bird, V. R. Franceschi, and P. J. Facchini
A Tale of Three Cell Types: Alkaloid Biosynthesis Is Localized to Sieve Elements in Opium Poppy
PLANT CELL,
November 1, 2003;
15(11):
2626 - 2635.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Walker, Z.-H. Chen, K. E. Johnson, F. Famiani, L. Tecsi, and R. C. Leegood
Using immunohistochemistry to study plant metabolism: the examples of its use in the localization of amino acids in plant tissues, and of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and its possible role in pH regulation
J. Exp. Bot.,
April 1, 2001;
52(356):
565 - 576.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. O. Borevitz, Y. Xia, J. Blount, R. A. Dixon, and C. Lamb
Activation Tagging Identifies a Conserved MYB Regulator of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis
PLANT CELL,
December 1, 2000;
12(12):
2383 - 2394.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. St-Pierre, F. A. Vazquez-Flota, and V. De Luca
Multicellular Compartmentation of Catharanthus roseus Alkaloid Biosynthesis Predicts Intercellular Translocation of a Pathway Intermediate
PLANT CELL,
May 1, 1999;
11(5):
887 - 900.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Facchini, C. Penzes-Yost, N. Samanani, and B. Kowalchuk
Expression Patterns Conferred by Tyrosine/Dihydroxyphenylalanine Decarboxylase Promoters from Opium Poppy Are Conserved in Transgenic Tobacco
Plant Physiology,
September 1, 1998;
118(1):
69 - 81.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
