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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 7, Issue 2 213-223, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Symbiotic and Nonsymbiotic Hemoglobin Genes of Casuarina glauca
K. Jacobsen-Lyon, E. O. Jensen, J. E. Jorgense, K. A. Marcker, W. J. Peacock and E. S. Dennis
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Casuarina glauca has a gene encoding hemoglobin (cashb-nonsym). This gene
is expressed in a number of plant tissues. Casuarina also has a second
family of hemoglobin genes (cashb-sym) expressed at a high level in the
nodules that Casuarina forms in a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with the
actinomycete Frankia. Both the nonsymbiotic and symbiotic genes retained
their specific patterns of expression when introduced into the legume Lotus
corniculatus. We interpret this finding to mean that the controls of
expression of the symbiotic gene in Casuarina must be similar to the
controls of expression of the leghemoglobin genes that operate in nodules
formed during the interaction between rhizobia and legumes. Deletion
analyses of the promoters of the Casuarina symbiotic genes delineated a
region that contains nodulin motifs identified in legumes; this region is
critical for the controlled expression of the Casuarina gene. The finding
that the nonsymbiotic Casuarina gene is also correctly expressed in L.
corniculatus suggests to us that a comparable nonsymbiotic hemoglobin gene
will be found in legume species.
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