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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 7, Issue 3 333-345, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
The Arabidopsis SUPERMAN Gene Mediates Asymmetric Growth of the Outer Integument of Ovules
J. C. Gaiser, K. Robinson-Beers and C. S. Gasser
Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616-8535
Arabidopsis superman (sup, also referred to as floral mutant10) mutants
have previously been shown to have flowers with supernumerary stamens and
reduced carpels as a result of ectopic expression of the floral homeotic
gene APETALA3 (AP3). Here, we report that sup mutations also cause specific
alterations in ovule development. Growth of the outer integument of
wild-type ovules occurs almost exclusively on the abaxial side of the
ovule, resulting in a bilaterally symmetrical hoodlike structure. In
contrast, the outer integument of sup mutant ovules grows equally on all
sides of the ovule, resulting in a nearly radially symmetrical tubular
shape. Thus, one role of SUP is to suppress growth of the outer integument
on the adaxial side of the ovule. Genetic analyses showed that the effects
of sup mutations on ovule development are independent of the presence or
absence of AP3 activity. Thus, SUP acts through different mechanisms in its
early role in ensuring proper determination of carpel identity and in its
later role in asymmetric suppression of outer integument growth.
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