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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 7, Issue 6 785-794, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
A Nodule-Specific Gene Encoding a Subtilisin-Like Protease Is Expressed in Early Stages of Actinorhizal Nodule Development
A. Ribeiro, ADL. Akkermans, A. van Kammen, T. Bisseling and K. Pawlowski
Department of Molecular Biology, Agricultural University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
To identify genes specifically expressed during early stages of
actinorhizal nodule development, a cDNA library made from poly(A) RNA from
root nodules of Alnus glutinosa was screened differentially with nodule and
root cDNA, respectively. Seven nodule-enhanced and four nodule-specific
cDNA clones were isolated. By using in situ hybridization, two of the
nodule-specific cDNAs were shown to be expressed at the highest levels in
infected cells before the onset of nitrogen fixation; one of them, ag12 (A.
glutinosa), was examined in detail. Sequencing showed that ag12 codes for a
serine protease of the subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.14) family. Subtilisins
previously appeared to be limited to microorganisms. However,
subtilisin-like serine proteases have recently been found in
archaebacteria, fungi, and yeasts as well as in mammals; a plant subtilisin
has also been sequenced. In yeast and mammals, subtilases are responsible
for processing peptide hormones. A homolog of ag12, ara12, was identified
in Arabidopsis; it was expressed in all organs, and its expression levels
were highest during silique development. Hence, our study shows that
subtilases are also involved in both symbiotic and nonsymbiotic processes
in plant development.
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