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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 7, Issue 8 1143-1155, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Distinct Classes of Mitotic Cyclins Are Differentially Expressed in the Soybean Shoot Apex during the Cell Cycle
H. Kouchi, M. Sekine and S. Hata
Department of Applied Physiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan
Protein phosphorylation by the complexes of cyclin and cyclin-dependent
kinase plays a key role in cell cycle progression in all eukaryotes. The
amplification by polymerase chain reaction of a cyclin box from developing
root nodules and root apices of soybean showed the expression of a number
of different molecular species of mitotic cyclins in plant meristems, and
they were classified into five distinct groups based on their sequence
similarities. The complete soybean cyclin cDNAs, cyc1Gm to cyc5Gm,
corresponding to each group were isolated, and their predicted amino acid
sequences showed clear similarities to mitotic cyclins identified from
various organisms. These genes are expressed predominantly in such
meristematic tissues as root and shoot apices and young developing nodules.
Double-target in situ hybridization involving histone H4 as an S-phase
marker allowed us to estimate the phases during which these cyclin genes
are abundantly expressed. The results indicated that cyc5Gm is expressed in
G2-to-M phases and cyc3Gm is expressed from late S-to-G2 phases. These
expression patterns, together with the sequence criteria, strongly suggest
that cyc3Gm and cyc5Gm encode the plant cognates for A- and B-type cyclins,
respectively. In addition, the expression of cyc1Gm was restricted during a
short period in S phase, suggesting that it belongs to a novel class of
plant cyclins. Sequence comparison of 18 plant mitotic cyclins cloned thus
far showed that they can be divided into four distinct structural groups
with different functions in cell cycle progression.
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