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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 1 5-14, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Identification of Genes Required for the Function of Non-Race-Specific mlo Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Barley
A. Freialdenhoven, C. Peterhansel, J. Kurth, F. Kreuzaler and P. Schulze-Lefert
Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Department of Biology I, Worringer Weg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
Recessive alleles (mlo) of the Mlo locus in barley mediate a broad,
non-race-specific resistance reaction to the powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe
graminis f sp hordei. A mutational approach was used to identify genes that
are required for the function of mlo. Six susceptible M2 individuals were
isolated after inoculation with the fungal isolate K1 from chemically
mutagenized seed carrying the mlo-5 allele. Susceptibility in each of these
individuals is due to monogenic, recessively inherited mutations in loci
unlinked to mlo. The mutants identify two unlinked complementation groups,
designated Ror1 and Ror2 (required for mlo-specified resistance). Both Ror
genes are required for the function of different tested mlo alleles and for
mlo function after challenge with different isolates of E. g. f sp hordei.
A quantitative cytological time course analysis revealed that the host cell
penetration efficiency in the mutants is intermediate compared with
mlo-resistant and Mlo-susceptible genotypes. Ror1 and Ror2 mutants could be
differentiated from each other by the same criterion. The spontaneous
formation of cell wall appositions in mlo plants, a subcellular structure
believed to represent part of the mlo defense, is suppressed in mlo/ror
genotypes. In contrast, accumulation of major structural components in the
appositions is seemingly unaltered. We conclude that there is a regulatory
function for the Ror genes in mlo-specified resistance and propose a model
in which the Mlo wild-type allele functions as a negative regulator and the
Ror genes act as positive regulators of a non-race-specific resistance
response.
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