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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 11 2015-2031, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Spatial Organization of Calcium Signaling Involved in Cell Volume Control in the Fucus Rhizoid
A. R. Taylor, NFH. Manison, C. Fernandez, J. Wood and C. Brownlee
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, United Kingdom
Subprotoplasts prepared from different regions of rhizoid and thallus cells
of Fucus zygotes displayed mechanosensitive plasma membrane channels in
cell-attached patch-clamp experiments by using laser microsurgery. In
excised patches, this channel was found to be voltage gated, carrying K+
outward and Ca2+ inward, with a relative permeability of Ca2+/K+ of 0.35 to
0.5, and an increased open probability at membrane potentials more positive
than -80 mV. No significant difference was found in the density of this
channel type from different regions of rhizoid or thallus cells.
Hypoosmotic treatment of intact zygotes induced dramatic transient
elevations of cytoplasmic Ca2+, initiating at the rhizoid apex and
propagating in a wavelike manner to subapical regions. Localized initiation
of the Ca2+ transient correlated with greater osmotic swelling at the
rhizoid apex compared with other regions of the zygote. Ca2+ transients
exhibited a refractory period between successive hypoosmotic shocks, during
which additional transients could not be elicited and the ability to
osmoregulate was impaired. Buffering the Ca2+ transients with microinjected
Br2BAPTA similarly reduced the ability of rhizoid cells to osmoregulate.
Ca2+ influx was associated with the initiation of the Ca2+ transient in
apical regions, whereas intracellular sources contributed to its
propagation. Thus, localized signal transduction is patterned by
interactions of the cell wall, plasma membrane, and intracellular Ca2+
stores.
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