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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 7 1107-1119, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Modular Nature of Abscisic Acid (ABA) Response Complexes: Composite Promoter Units That Are Necessary and Sufficient for ABA Induction of Gene Expression in Barley
Q. Shen, P. Zhang and THD. Ho
Plant Biology Program, Department of Biology, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
The modular nature of the abscisic acid response complex (ABRC), the
promoter unit necessary and sufficient for abscisic acid (ABA) induction of
gene expression in barley, is defined in this study. We investigated ABA
induction of a barley late embrogenesis abundant (Lea) gene, HVA1, and
found that the ABRC of this gene consists of a 10-bp box with an ACGT core
(ACGT-box) and the 11 bp directly upstream, named coupling element 3 (CE3).
Only one copy of this ABRC is sufficient to confer ABA induction when
linked to a minimal promoter. Because we previously reported another ABRC
in the barley HVA22 gene, which consists of an ACGT-box with a distal
coupling element (CE1), exchange experiments were conducted to study the
interaction among modular elements in these ABRCs. We show that ACGT-boxes
in these ABRCs are interchangeable, indicating that an ACGT-box can
interact with either a distal or a proximal coupling element to confer ABA
response. However, the two coupling elements are not fully exchangeable.
Although CE3 can function either proximal or distal to the ACGT-box, CE1 is
only functional at the distal position. The presence of both the distal and
the proximal coupling elements has a synergistic effect on the absolute
level of expression as well as on ABA induction. These ABRCs function in
both seed and vegetative tissues. In seeds, ABA induction of the ABRC
containing the proximal CE3, but not the ABRC with the distal CE1, is
enhanced in the presence of the transcription regulator Viviparous1,
indicating that these two ABRCs are mediated by different ABA signal
transduction pathways.
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