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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 7 1181-1191, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
The Major Integral Proteins of Spinach Leaf Plasma Membranes Are Putative Aquaporins and Are Phosphorylated in Response to Ca2+ and Apoplastic Water Potential
I. Johansson, C. Larsson, B. Ek and P. Kjellbom
Department of Plant Biochemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 117, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
We show that homologs of the major intrinsic protein (MIP) family are major
integral proteins of the spinach leaf plasma membrane and constitute ~20%
of integral plasma membrane protein. By using oligonucleotide primers based
on partial amino acid sequences for polymerase chain reaction and screening
of a spinach leaf cDNA library, we obtained two full-length clones of MIP
homologs (pm28a and pm28b). One of these clones, pm28a, was sequenced, and
it encodes a protein (PM28A) of 281 amino acids with a molecular mass of
29.9 kD. DNA gel blots indicated that PM28A is the product of a single
gene, and RNA gel blots showed that pm28a is ubiquitously expressed in the
plant. In vivo phosphorylation of the 28-kD polypeptide(s), corresponding
to PM28A and PM28B, was dependent on apoplastic water potential, suggesting
a role in regulation of cell turgor for these putative aquaporins. In
vitro, only one of the homologs, PM28A, was phosphorylated. Phosphorylation
of PM28A occurred on Ser-274, seven amino acids from the C terminus of the
protein, within a consensus phosphorylation site (Ser-X-Arg) for vertebrate
protein kinase C. In vitro phosphorylation of PM28A was due to a plasma
membrane-associated protein kinase and was strictly dependent on
submicromolar concentrations of Ca2+.
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