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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 8, Issue 8 1353-1366, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Preamylopectin Processing: A Mandatory Step for Starch Biosynthesis in Plants
G. Mouille, M. L. Maddelein, N. Libessart, P. Talaga, A. Decq, B. Delrue and S. Ball
Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Unite Mixte de Recherche du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique No. 111, Universite des Sciences et Technologie de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
It has been generally assumed that the [alpha]-(1->4)-linked and
[alpha]-(1->6)-branched glucans of starch are generated by the
coordinated action of elongation (starch synthases) and branching enzymes.
We have identified a novel Chlamydomonas locus (STA7) that when defective
leads to a wipeout of starch and its replacement by a small amount of
glycogen-like material. Our efforts to understand the enzymological basis
of this phenotype have led us to determine the selective disappearance of
an 88-kD starch hydrolytic activity. We further demonstrate that this
enzyme is a debranching enzyme. Cleavage of the [alpha]-(1->6) linkage
in a branched precursor of amylopectin (preamylopectin) has provided us
with the ground rules for understanding starch biosynthesis in plants.
Therefore, we propose that amylopectin clusters are synthesized by a
discontinuous mechanism involving a highly specific glucan trimming
mechanism.
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