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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 9, Issue 1 61-73, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Alleles of Pto and Fen Occur in Bacterial Speck-Susceptible and Fenthion-Insensitive Tomato Cultivars and Encode Active Protein Kinases
Y. Jia, Y. T. Loh, J. Zhou and G. B. Martin
Department of Agronomy, 1150 Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1150
The Pto gene was derived originally from the wild tomato species
Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium and confers resistance to Pseudomonas
syringae pv tomato strains expressing the avirulence gene avrPto. The Fen
gene is also derived from L. pimpinellifolium and confers sensitivity to
the insecticide fenthion. We have now isolated and characterized the
alleles of Pto and Fen from cultivated tomato, L. esculentum, and
designated them pto and fen. High conservation of genome organization
between the two tomato species allowed us to identify the pto and fen
alleles from among the cluster of closely related Pto gene family members.
The pto and fen alleles are transcribed and have uninterrupted open reading
frames that code for predicted proteins that are 87 and 98% identical to
the Pto and Fen protein kinases, respectively. In vitro autophosphorylation
assays revealed that both the pto and fen alleles encode active kinases. In
addition, the pto kinase phosphorylates a previously characterized
substrate of Pto, the Pto-interacting Pti1 serine/threonine kinase.
However, the pto kinase shows impaired interaction with Pti1 and with
several previously isolated Pto-interacting proteins in the yeast
two-hybrid system. The observation that pto and fen are active kinases and
yet do not confer bacterial speck resistance or fenthion sensitivity
suggests that the amino acid substitutions distinguishing them from Pto and
Fen may interfere with recognition of the corresponding signal molecule or
with protein-protein interactions involved in the Pto- and Fen-mediated
signal transduction pathways.
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