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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 9, Issue 12 2183-2196, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Antisense Suppression of Phospholipase D[alpha] Retards Abscisic Acid[mdash] and Ethylene-Promoted Senescence of Postharvest Arabidopsis Leaves
L. Fan, S. Zheng and X. Wang
Department of Biochemistry, Kansas State University, Willard Hall, Manhattan, Kansas 66506
Membrane disruption has been proposed to be a key event in plant
senescence, and phospholipase D (PLD; EC 3.1.4.4) has been thought to play
an important role in membrane deterioration. We recently cloned and
biochemically characterized three different PLDs from Arabidopsis. In this
study, we investigated the role of the most prevalent
phospholipid-hydrolyzing enzyme, PLD[alpha], in membrane degradation and
senescence in Arabidopsis. The expression of PLD[alpha] was suppressed by
introducing a PLD[alpha] antisense cDNA fragment into Arabidopsis. When
incubated with abscisic acid and ethylene, leaves detached from the
PLD[alpha]-deficient transgenic plants showed a slower rate of senescence
than did those from wild-type and transgenic control plants. The
retardation of senescence was demonstrated by delayed leaf yellowing, lower
ion leakage, greater photosynthetic activity, and higher content of
chlorophyll and phospholipids in the PLD[alpha] antisense leaves than in
those of the wild type. Treatment of detached leaves with abscisic acid and
ethylene stimulated PLD[alpha] expression, as indicated by increases in
PLD[alpha] mRNA, protein, and activity. In the absence of abscisic acid and
ethylene, however, detached leaves from the PLD[alpha]-deficient and
wild-type plants showed a similar rate of senescence. In addition, the
suppression of PLD[alpha] did not alter natural plant growth and
development. These data suggest that PLD[alpha] is an important mediator in
phytohormone-promoted senescence in detached leaves but is not a direct
promoter of natural senescence. The physiological relevance of these
findings is discussed.
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