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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 9, Issue 5 745-757, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Reduced Naphthylphthalamic Acid Binding in the tir3 Mutant of Arabidopsis Is Associated with a Reduction in Polar Auxin Transport and Diverse Morphological Defects
M. Ruegger, E. Dewey, L. Hobbie, D. Brown, P. Bernasconi, J. Turner, G. Muday and M. Estelle
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
Polar auxin transport plays a key role in the regulation of plant growth
and development. To identify genes involved in this process, we have
developed a genetic procedure to screen for mutants of Arabidopsis that are
altered in their response to auxin transport inhibitors. We recovered a
total of 16 independent mutants that defined seven genes, called TRANSPORT
INHIBITOR RESPONSE (TIR) genes. Recessive mutations in one of these genes,
TIR3, result in altered responses to transport inhibitors, a reduction in
polar auxin transport, and a variety of morphological defects that can be
ascribed to changes in indole-3-acetic acid distribution. Most
dramatically, tir3 seedlings are strongly deficient in lateral root
production, a process that is known to depend on polar auxin transport from
the shoot into the root. In addition, tir3 plants display a reduction in
apical dominance as well as decreased elongation of siliques, pedicels,
roots, and the inflorescence. Biochemical studies indicate that tir3 plants
have a reduced number of N-1-naphthylphthalamic (NPA) binding sites,
suggesting that the TIR3 gene is required for expression, localization, or
stabilization of the NPA binding protein (NBP). Alternatively, the TIR3
gene may encode the NBP. Because the tir3 mutants have a substantial defect
in NPA binding, their phenotype provides genetic evidence for a role for
the NBP in plant growth and development.
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