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THE PLANT CELL, Vol 9, Issue 5 783-798, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
Nitrate Acts as a Signal to Induce Organic Acid Metabolism and Repress Starch Metabolism in Tobacco
W. R. Scheible, A. Gonzalez-Fontes, M. Lauerer, B. Muller-Rober, M. Caboche and M. Stitt
Botanisches Institut der Universitat Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Nia30(145) transformants with very low nitrate reductase activity provide
an in vivo screen to identify processes that are regulated by nitrate.
Nia30(145) resembles nitrate-limited wild-type plants with respect to
growth rate and protein and amino acid content but accumulates large
amounts of nitrate when it is grown on high nitrate. The transcripts for
nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase, cytosolic glutamine synthetase,
and glutamate synthase increased; NR and nitrite reductase activity
increased in leaves and roots; and glutamine synthetase activity increased
in roots. The transcripts for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, cytosolic
pyruvate kinase, citrate synthase, and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase
increased; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity increased; and malate,
citrate, isocitrate, and [alpha]-oxoglutarate accumulated in leaves and
roots. There was a decrease of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase transcript
and activity, and starch decreased in the leaves and roots. After adding 12
mM nitrate to nitrate-limited Nia30(145), the transcripts for NR and
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase increased, and the transcripts for
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase decreased within 2 and 4 hr, respectively.
Starch was remobilized at almost the same rate as in wild-type plants, even
though growth was not stimulated in Nia30(145). It is proposed that nitrate
acts as a signal to initiate coordinated changes in carbon and nitrogen
metabolism.
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