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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on May 26, 2009; 10.1105/tpc.108.064279

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Received November 7, 2008
Returned for revision April 20, 2009
Accepted May 6, 2009

Remorin, a Solanaceae Protein Resident in Membrane Rafts and Plasmodesmata, Impairs Potato virus X Movement

Sylvain Raffaele 1, Emmanuelle Bayer 2, David Lafarge 1, Stéphanie Cluzet 3, Sylvie German Retana 4, Tamy Boubekeur 5, Nathalie Leborgne-Castel 6, Jean-Pierre Carde 7, Jeannine Lherminier 6, Elodie Noirot 6, Béatrice Satiat-Jeunemaître 8, Jeanny Laroche-Traineau 1, Patrick Moreau 1, Thomas Ott 9, Andrew J. Maule 10, Philippe Reymond 3, Françoise Simon-Plas 6, Edward E. Farmer 3, Jean-Jacques Bessoule 1, and Sébastien Mongrand 1*

1 Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5200, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33076, France
2 Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
3 Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland
4 Unité Mixte de Recherche, Génomique, Diversité et Pouvoir Pathogène 1090, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, University of Bordeaux 2, Interaction Plantes Virus, 33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France
5 Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5800, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux 33076, France
6 Unité Mixte de Recherche, Plante-Microbe-Environnement 1088, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-5184, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Bourgogne, 21065 Dijon, France
7 Plateau Technique Imagerie/Cytologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 103, 33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France
8 Laboratoire Dynamique de la Compartimentation Cellulaire, Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, 91198, Gif sur Yvette, France
9 Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2594/441, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
10 John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sebastien.mongrand{at}biomemb.u-bordeaux2.fr.

Remorins (REMs) are proteins of unknown function specific to vascular plants. We have used imaging and biochemical approaches and in situ labeling to demonstrate that REM clusters at plasmodesmata and in ~70-nm membrane domains, similar to lipid rafts, in the cytosolic leaflet of the plasma membrane. From a manipulation of REM levels in transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants, we show that Potato virus X (PVX) movement is inversely related to REM accumulation. We show that REM can interact physically with the movement protein TRIPLE GENE BLOCK PROTEIN1 from PVX. Based on the localization of REM and its impact on virus macromolecular trafficking, we discuss the potential for lipid rafts to act as functional components in plasmodesmata and the plasma membrane.




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